![]() ![]() The adjusted alveolar surface area index was derived by non-invasive measurements of the ventilation/perfusion ratio and adjusted by concurrent measurements of volumetric capnography. We describe a novel biomarker of respiratory disease following extremely preterm birth. The adjusted alveolar surface area has the potential to predict the subsequent need for discharge home on supplemental oxygen. The alveolar surface area can be estimated non-invasively in extremely preterm infants. An adjusted S A ≥688.6 cm 2 had 86% sensitivity and 77% specificity in predicting the need for supplemental home oxygen. In predicting the need for supplemental home oxygen, the adjusted S A had an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.815 ( p = 0.017). The adjusted S A was lower in the infants who required home oxygen compared to those who did not. Thirty infants with a median (range) gestational age of 26.3 (22.9–27.9) weeks were studied. The S A was then adjusted using volumetric capnography. Paired measurements of the fraction of inspired oxygen and transcutaneous oxygen saturation were used to calculate the ventilation/perfusion ratio, which was translated to S A using Fick’s law of diffusion. We aimed to use non-invasive measurements to estimate the S A in extremely preterm infants. The main pathophysiologic characteristic of chronic respiratory disease following extremely premature birth is arrested alveolar growth, which translates to a smaller alveolar surface area (S A). ![]()
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